I would show interest and any principal repayment separately as well. Both affect cash in the bank, but they answer different questions about operating performance and wealth accumulation.
That distinction matters when someone claims a deal “loses money.” Negative cash flow after principal repayment is not identical to income failing to cover interest and operating expenses.
Run a break-even rent calculation after honest expenses. If the required rent looks implausible beside genuinely comparable homes, the conclusion is clearer than debating every reserve percentage.
Property tax and occupancy-related charges need careful allocation. The model should state who is assumed to pay each item under the proposed arrangement, then have that treatment checked for the location and use.
Good separation: legal allocation is a factual question; adding an extra contingency because you dislike uncertainty is personal risk tolerance. They should not share one opaque “miscellaneous” line.
Are acquisition and initial preparation costs outside this cash-flow model? They do not change monthly operations, but they materially affect the return on all cash invested.
That belongs in a separate total-return sheet. Mixing one-off purchase costs into a single operating year can distort both the first year and the steady-state picture.
Agreed. Three columns would help: initial cash required, stabilised annual operations and downside-year cash flow. One blended figure hides when money is needed.
I would not automatically assume every bad event occurs together. That can reject everything. Use a plausible downside and a separate extreme case, clearly labelled.
That is a fair caveat. The base case should be evidence-led; the severe case answers whether the buyer has enough liquidity, not whether the asking price is fair.
This also answers the original either-or question: some buyers add equity for resilience, while others add it merely to make the monthly number look positive. Those are not equivalent decisions.
Could the homes have substantial owner-occupier appeal? If so, purchase prices may be set by lifestyle buyers rather than landlords, making weak rental economics unsurprising.
Which means waiting for cheaper finance may not solve the mismatch. If lifestyle demand supports the price, rent could remain too low relative to value even after rates fall.